Which Impellers are Best for Slurry Pump Applications?

Impeller Size

The size of the pump’s impeller must be considered to ensure it holds up against abrasive wear. Slurry impellers are generally larger in size when compared to pumps for less abrasive liquids. The more “meat” the impeller has, the better it will hold up to the task of pumping harsh slurry mixtures. Think of the pump’s impeller as a football team’s offensive line. These players are usually large and slow. Throughout the whole game they are beaten up, over and over again, but expected to withstand the abuse. You wouldn’t want small players in this position, just like you wouldn’t want a small impeller on your slurry pump.

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Pump Speed

Your process speed doesn’t have anything to do with choosing your impeller, but it does have an effect on the life of your impeller. It is important to find the sweet spot that allows the pump to run as slow as possible, but fast enough to keep solids from settling and clogging. If you are pumping too fast, the slurry can quickly erode the impeller due to its abrasive nature. This is why it is important to select a larger impeller if possible.

When you’re dealing with slurry, you generally want to go bigger and slower. The thicker the impeller, the better it will hold up. The slower the pump, the less erosion you’ll inflict on the impeller. However, the impeller isn’t the only thing you have to worry in your pump when dealing with slurry. Tough, durable materials of construction are necessary most of the time. Metal liners and wear plates are common in slurry applications. Read our beginner’s guide to pumping slurry for more information.

What we refer to as slurry is basically a liquid containing solid particles. When you want to pump this slurry, you'll have different requirements than when you are pumping just dirty water. A wastewater pump is not able to handle the slurry's solid particles. That is where slurry pumps come in. Slurry pumps are a heavy and robust version of centrifugal pumps, capable of handling tough and abrasive duties.

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Slurry pumps can be used to move mixtures of liquid and solids in many industries with a broad spectrum of applications such as mine drainage, dredging of settling lagoons and pumping of drilling mud.

Slurry Pumps can be used:

• -To pump a medium where abrasive particles are present
• -To transport solids, hydraulically
• -To pump the end product in a process
• -To keep clean up sumps clean from solid
  
  

• -Wear parts with high chrome content is essential when pumping abrasive slurries. But more is not always better - much over 25 percent and the impeller becomes brittle.
• -Hydraulic efficiency is as important as the material since efficiency correlates to wear. A swept-back design of the impeller vanes minimizes the separation of solids from the carrying fluid for a more homogenous flow. This results in a slower rate of wear.
• -By increasing the size of the volute, the speed at which the medium moves is reduced. This lower velocity translates into lower wear.

The submersible alternative offers a number of advantages over the dry installed and even the semi-submersible sump pumps. The submersible pump is more flexible and more efficient than the alternatives. 

Slurry weight or concentration determines the type, design, and capacity of slurry pump needed. If you have any questions about the best pump to use for your application, contact your local Xylem representative.  

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