Figure 1. Ball valves can be used in a wide range of applications, from general purpose to critical-service applications. They are useful for reliable, leak-tight shut-off and have a low overall cost of ownership.
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Choosing the proper components for your industrial fluid systems is critical to ensuring they function as intended. One of the most important components to consider are the valves, which give operators the ability to control system fluid flow in ways that are most appropriate for the application’s needs.
It is important to consider the factors that affect complex fluid system design, including:
You should ask all these questions about your fluid system before finalizing your valve selection. In this article, we will provide examples of different industrial valves to help you make the right choice.
Fluid systems sometimes operate at high pressures and temperatures, and occasionally they carry hazardous materials that could pose a threat to the operators if leaks occur. To ensure fluid systems do not pose unnecessary hazards, best practices for installation and operation should be followed.
Valves play critical roles in enabling safely functioning fluid systems. For example, a safety shut-off valve or pressure relief valve can prevent your system from reaching overpressure, a potentially dangerous scenario that may lead to a blowout. That is why it is so critical to select the right valve for the function you are trying to achieve, which starts with understanding how flow operates within your system.
Ultimately, valves are designed to control flow, which is defined as a substance’s movement in a steady and continuous way through your system from higher pressures to lower pressures. Using a flowmeter, the pace of flow is recorded as a ratio of distance or volume per unit of time. For example, flow might be measured as meters per second, liters per minute, gallons per day, or other similar measurement criteria.
The diameter of a valve’s end connection and its flow path determine how well valves allow flow to occur. Manufacturers often include a flow coefficient, or Cv, with their valves, which gives operators a better understanding of how much flow a valve will control. The higher a Cv, the higher the flow rate – although, higher is not always better. The Cv you choose is highly dependent on the valve type and application. In some situations, that may mean the Cv will be close to zero.
While this may seem complicated, manufacturers can often help you determine the right valve selection for your application. To determine Cv or flow based on pressures, flow rates, temperatures, and media within your system, ask your manufacturer if they have a Cv calculator to offer the guidance you need.
Choosing the right valve for your application may initially seem overwhelming. After all, valves come in many sizes, configurations, materials of construction, and actuation modes. To make the best choice, it is always good practice to ask the first question in valve selection: What do I want the valve to do? Once you have answered that question, you can more easily decide what specific valves you need, which generally fall into one of five categories.
1. On/Off is the most basic type of valve function. On/off valves start or stop the flow of fluid, and there are many different types of valves to choose from, including:On/Off is the most basic type of valve function.start or stop the flow of fluid, and there are many different types of valves to choose from, including:
Figure 1)
Figure 2
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Gate valves are designed primarily for blocking flow rather than regulating it. They contain a plate-like barrier (gate) that can be inserted into the stream of a fluid to block its flow.
Figure 3
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2. Flow control valves are designed to regulate the flow of a fluid through the system. The amount of regulation depends on what type of valve is selected and can range from simple regulation to fine metering. The most common flow control valves are needle valves (Figure 4), which can provide on/off functionality if necessary. Orifice size, stem type, and stem position, which are controlled by the turning of the valve handle, will determine the pace of flow.
3. Directional flow valves guide the flow in the proper manner and are used to change the direction of the flow, if desired. The most common valves used for directional control are check valves (Figure 5) or multiport ball valves. It is important to note that directional flow valves do not throttle flow; instead, they operate in either the on or off position.
4. Much like the overpressure valves, excess control valves are designed to prevent problems if the flow levels at the valve rise to unsustainable levels. If excess flow happens downstream, the valve’s poppet is activated to the fully forward position, which prevents an uncontrolled release of system media.
5. In the case of overpressure protection valves, the goal is to prevent pressure buildup beyond a preset limit. For this application, systems typically rely on relief valves (Figure 6) or rupture discs. Relief valves are essential to any system that operates under pressure to avoid blowouts and can be calibrated to open after the pressure reaches predetermined levels. They are generally considered the last line of defense when pressures rise too high and can protect plants by allowing production to continue by relieving overpressure when it occurs.
The true cost of a valve is not its purchase price – it is the purchase price plus the cost of owning and maintaining or replacing that valve over time. To calculate the cost of ownership, you must know how long a valve will operate in your system between maintenance checks.
Maintenance costs must not only be calculated on the cost of replacement parts, but also in labor and downtime. Note that some valves are much easier to service than others. Some can be serviced in place; others must be removed from the process line.
As you design your fluid system to be as optimized as possible, selecting the right valves to meet your application needs is important. The better your understanding of each valve and its proper function, the better able you will be to make the decision that most fully meets your specific needs.
Work with a supplier who offers training on valve selection, identification, and troubleshooting so your team can remain up to speed and knowledgeable about the latest in valve innovations.
An original version of this article appeared on the Swagelok Reference Point blog here: swagelok.com.
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Joe Bush is a Senior Product Manager for Swagelok Company.
Ball valves are real workhorses in the industrial world. They’re like silent heroes, making sure things run smoothly, whether it’s keeping water clean or meeting the tough needs of making energy. The demand for these little giants has grown, all because folks want to work smarter and safer. It’s a place where every pound per square inch (psi) and each piece of a trunnion counts, and where the rules from ASME are more than just advice—they’re the rules we live by.
Picking out the best valve manufacturer is super important. It’s more than just having a bunch of options like stainless steel or brass; it’s about how long they last, if they meet the tough safety rules, and if they’re good for all kinds of jobs. Choose wrong, and you might mess up everything. Did you hear that the right valve can even help with keeping the air clean? It might seem small, but when you’re in this game, it’s the small stuff that matters.So, as we check out the top dogs in ball valve making, keep this in mind: the top ball valve manufacturer is more than just a store. They’re the buddy who’s got your back through thick and thin.
DomBor is a name that’s become synonymous with top-tier valve making since they kicked off in 2001. They’re all about crafting ball valves that aren’t just parts—they’re the lifeline of heavy-duty systems, keeping things safe and efficient no matter the job.
What makes DomBor shine is their killer combo of cutting-edge tech and some seriously skilled folks who know their stuff. They’ve got a spread of valves that’s sure to cover what you need, from tough carbon steel to versatile PVC, perfect for all sorts of tasks. Their lineup’s got it all—needle valves, plug valves, and those trusty gate valves—each one a slam dunk for finding your perfect match.
Sticking to the rules is DomBor’s game, and they play it well. They’re ISO-certified, which means every valve, from the simplest hydraulic to the most complex 3-way ball valves, is top-quality. They’re not just about hitting the mark; they’re about blowing it out of the water, making sure every piece they send out is built to last and handle the heat.
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DomBor’s all about giving you valves that run like a dream, even when the going gets tough. They’re the pals you want on your team when you’re looking for valves that’ll go the distance.
Quick Look at DomBor Valve:
Talking power generation, big machines, and tough industry jobs, Flowserve is the name that pops up when you’re looking for something that’ll last. They make ball valves that are pretty much the superheroes of flow control, built to take on the meanest conditions without breaking a sweat. These guys have been in the game for over 200 years in USA, so they know a thing or two about making valves that don’t quit.
Their ball valves? They’re all about making sure stuff flows right where it should, even if it’s super cold or eats through metal. These valves are tough cookies, thanks to all the smart thinking that goes into them. We’re talking about using stuff that doesn’t rust, making sure they can’t catch fire, and designing them so they seal tighter than a drum.
Flowserve ain’t just about ball valves, though. They’ve got butterfly valves, actuators, and other flow controllers that are slick at stopping backflow and making sure things shut down safely if stuff hits the fan. They’re not just selling you a piece of hardware; they’re sticking with you from start to finish, making sure you get what you need.
They’ve got a massive team ready to jump in with parts and help, no matter where you are. This means you’re never stuck waiting when you need a fix. It’s their mix of top-quality valves and their knock-your-socks-off service that’s got everyone saying Flowserve is the go-to for keeping things flowing smoothly.
Quick Facts on Flowserve:
Deep in the heart of Houston, Texas, CNC Flow Control is making a big splash for folks who need trusty valve solutions that don’t mess around. They might be the new kid in town since 2017, but don’t let that fool you – they’ve got years of know-how under their belt, bringing together some top-notch brands to give you the goods. What’s their game? Serving up more than just products – they’re all about giving you the right fix for your flow needs.
At CNC Flow Control, ball valves are the main event. It doesn’t matter if you’re working with HVAC systems, tough industrial gigs, or the hardcore oil and gas industry—these valves are up for it. The company boasts all kinds of valves, like ball valves, check valves, and hand-operated ones, making sure you’ve got the exact fit for whatever job you’ve got lined up. Their stainless steel ball valves are real champs when it comes to lasting a long time and putting a stop to backflow—just what you’d expect from a crew serious about quality.
But CNC isn’t just throwing valves at you. They get down to brass tacks, figuring out what you need, whether that’s staying by your side on big projects or getting you parts pronto when you’re in a jam. They’ve got a team of tech wizards ready to make sure the valve types you get aren’t just pieces; it’s a key player in your whole setup working like a dream.
CNC Flow Control’s got your back with customer service, a wide range of products, and a rock-solid promise of quality. They’re more than just a vendor; they’re your ally, making sure your operations are smooth sailing.
CNC Flow Control by the Numbers:
Since the 1940s, Tylok International, Inc. has been a go-to source for top-notch valve solutions, kicking off with their revolutionary no-flare fittings. Today, they’re all about ball valves that meet the nitty-gritty needs of various industries. Proudly made in the USA, their products meet the strictest standards out there.
Tylok’s ball valves are all about precision and lasting power, making sure fluids go exactly where they’re supposed to in any piping system. These bad boys can shut off in a jiffy, stopping any backflow and keeping your system tight. The GP series ball valves are real crowd-pleasers, coming in stainless steel, carbon steel, and brass to fit whatever job you’ve got.
From hooking up instruments to cleaning up water, Tylok’s valves are there. They’re big on helping customers out, not just with ball valves but with all kinds of fittings and tubes, too. Plus, they’re a breeze to take care of, which is a big deal when you can’t afford to hit pause on your work.
Tylok’s always cooking up something new, making sure their valves and fittings are just what their customers want. With a laser focus on quality and trusty performance, their valves are key players in any industry where control and dependability can’t be messed with.
Tylok in a Nutshell:
Central States Industrial (CSI) stands out in the world of process industries, known for their smart solutions and a knack for making things run smoothly and cleanly. They’re the wizards who come to the rescue when you’ve got a tough nut to crack in your process or waste system. CSI doesn’t just fix problems—they’re all about making things better, faster, and safer, with less fuss down the road.
Their ball valves are the real MVPs here, famous for being easy to handle and keeping things clean in places like food and drink factories, dairies, breweries, and medicine-making. Take the Alfa Laval SBV ball valve—it’s a superstar because it doesn’t slow down your flow, even with thick stuff or bits in your liquid.Then you’ve got the QSM Tru-Flo ball valves, which are the new kids on the block for when you need something that can take a lot of action. These valves are smart cookies, cutting down on the headache of upkeep and the cost of making them move. They’ve got this cool feature that adjusts itself to avoid leaks, which means they’re built to last and won’t let you down.
At CSI, helping customers is what they live for. They don’t just sell flow control valves; they’ve got all the extras and tubes you might need, making sure you’ve got everything covered. They’re all about giving you sanitary valves that work like a charm and keep things hygienic, no matter what.
CSI Quick Facts:
Emerson shines in the industrial sector, offering key solutions for the intricate networks of modern facilities. They’re at the forefront of innovation, designing ball valves that ensure precise and enduring control of liquid flow in industrial settings. These valves aren’t just items on a shelf; they represent Emerson’s pledge to a more efficient, secure, and eco-friendly planet.
When it comes to managing flow of liquids, Emerson’s ball valves are tough and versatile. Whether you need a full-port ball valve for a clear path or a reduced-port one for less flow, they’ve got the perfect fit. Their pneumatic valves bring automation to the table, making for swift and dependable operation, keeping systems up and running without a hitch.
Emerson’s valves are synonymous with resilience. Built to face the toughest conditions, they come with options like attenuators to handle the roar and shake of high-pressure drops. Such meticulous engineering ensures these valves don’t just work under stress but also last for years to come.
Top-notch customer service is a key part of Emerson’s strategy. They get that every industrial job has its hurdles, and their crew is on standby to kit you out with the right accessories and help to craft a solution that’s valuable in the long run. Opting for Emerson means picking an ally who’s got your back, making sure your systems are protected from reverse flow, and more.
Quick Look at Emerson:
Since ’79, KDV has grown from its Melbourne roots to a global valve provider. They’re all about tackling wear and tear from corrosion and rough materials. KDV is the spot for pros needing dependable valves. They’ve got a solid lineup, especially their ball valves and diaphragm valves, built to get the job done right.
KDV’s ball valves are all about options, coming in 1, 2, and 3 piece setups for all kinds of work, like mining or water treatment. They don’t miss a beat, picking tough materials and offering PFA-lined ones for the super harsh stuff. These valves are made to last, giving you great performance without a lot of fuss over time.
You can work these ball valves your way, either by hand with a lockable lever or automated for pinpoint control. KDV’s got all the gadgets you might need, like switches to tell you when it’s on or off and signs to show you which way the valve’s pointing.
KDV is big on helping their customers out. They don’t just sell you a valve; they give you a full setup with all the bells and whistles you need, plus help whenever you need it. KDV’s friendly advice and valve know-how make them your go-to for controlling flow.
Quick Look at KDV:
Keckley Company has nailed it in making top-notch valves and strainers for over 100 years. Started in 1914, this family-run biz has worked its way up to becoming a go-to for those who want nothing but the best. They’ve been around the block, proving their worth time and again with service and gear that lasts.
When you’re talking ball valves, Keckley’s got the game down. They pay extra attention to the nitty-gritty, making valves that pass tough standards like ASME B16.34 and API 608. They even got ahead of the curve with eco-friendly creds by meeting the API 641 Fugitive Emissions Standard. Keckley’s ball valves aren’t just about being tough—they’re about leading the pack with responsibility to the planet.
These valves are ready for anything, fitting into all sorts of jobs, from precise instrument work to the hardcore demands of industrial setups. They use chrome on their balls for that extra muscle and provide various bore sizes for whatever job you’ve got lined up. It’s clear Keckley makes valves that keep on ticking, no matter where you use them.
Keckley’s not just about making solid products; they’re all about their people too. They build a place where work feels like a craft, turning out valves that carry their mark of trust and supreme quality.Quick Peek at Keckley:
Valtorc International really shines when it comes to providing the control and valve industry with a wide selection of first class solenoid valve solutions and more. They focus on delivering products that meet the high expectations of their premium customers, ensuring each product has enduring quality. Their ball valves are a prime example, offering reliable service that stands up to tests of time.
Valtorc is serious about their ball valves. They’ve got a sturdy lineup including stainless steel, carbon steel, PVC, brass, and other options. These valves are up for the challenge in a range of sizes, from the handy 1/4″ to the massive 36″. They’re not just about variety in size, though; these valves are made for all sorts of jobs, making sure that whatever your task, there’s a Valtorc valve ready to tackle it.
These ball valves are put through the wringer to make sure they can take on pressures from 150 to 6,000PSI, showing they’re tough enough for any industrial challenge. They’re also built with the right orientation in mind, much like the side of a spring check valve, so they slide into your system smoothly. Need to automate? Valtorc’s over 30 years of expertise mean they can make those valves move just the way you want.
Valtorc isn’t just in the business of selling valves—they’re about providing the whole experience. They back their products with legendary customer service, making sure you’re all set after your purchase. With their professional team ready to assist, they’re there to ensure you get the perfect valve for your specific needs, and they’ll get it to you fast.
Valtorc International Quick Look:
GWC Italia has made a big splash as a top dog in North America for making and getting out some really awesome ball valves. They’ve set up shop in Bakersfield, California, and Houston, Texas, and are all about getting their goods out to folks in both the U.S. and Canada, with a special shout-out to the Midstream and Upstream crowds. These guys have a lineup that’s got everything from ball to gate to globe and check valves, ready for whatever the industry throws at them.
Now, let’s talk about their ball valves, because they’re kind of a big deal. Made for jobs that need things just right and built to take a beating, GWC Italia’s valves are perfect whether you’re dealing with tubing, all those gauges and meters, or the big industrial scene. They’ve made sure their valves fit just right and won’t give you a headache when you’re hooking them up. The Trunnion Mounted Ball Valve and Floating Ball Valve series they’ve got are made with the user in mind; you can pick full or reduced bore options, and they go both ways (we’re talking bi-directional, folks). That’s why the cream of the crop customers who need things moving smoothly and steadily go for them.
Quality is king at GWC Italia, and they play the game well, making sure all the bits and pieces they use are top-notch and don’t take forever to get. With buddies in Europe and Asia to back up their North American making-things magic, they’ve got a powerhouse team for getting their valves out there.
GWC Italia’s game plan and play-by-play is all about being the valve guys you can rely on the most. They’re big on taking charge of making sure things go off without a hitch, teaming up to hit those targets, and keeping the talk going, so they’re always upping their game.
GWC Italia Quick Facts:
Wrapping up our dive into the leading ball valve producers, it’s pretty clear how vital it is to pick the right one for your company’s success and good name. For those in the B2B world, it’s key to work with folks who don’t just have valves for all sorts of jobs, from the simple tasks to the fancy ones with just one entry point, but who also get how crucial things like instrumentation and proper orientation are, especially for those top-tier customers. Take for example, a maker that dishes out single inlet valves that are almost perfect in performance; they don’t just make things run smoothly; they also bump up your brand’s rep as a solid player in the market. Going for a manufacturer that’s all about sharp accuracy and fresh ideas isn’t just shopping for a part; it’s a smart move for your brand’s future, ensuring you stand out for all the right reasons.
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